almarifa journal for Humanities and Applied Sciences
مجلة المعرفة للعلوم الانسانية والتطبيقية، مجلة علمية محكمة تصدر عن جامعة المعرفة للعلوم الانسانية والتطبيقية بشكل دوري للمساهمة في إبراز مساهمات العلوم الانسانية والتطبيقية بجميع مجالاتها في ا لاستغلال الأمثل للموارد المتاحة وتحقيق التنمية المنشودة، وكذل تشجيع الباحثين على ربط مخرجات المشاريع البحثية بمتطلبات سوق العمل وتلبية حاجات المجتمع . -
جامعة المعرفة للعلوم الانسانية والتطبيقية
Magnatic Interpretation of Zaggut Oil Field, Sirt Basin - Libya
The Sirt Basin contains many subsurface geological structures, and we need some techniques to obtain results that can interpret these structures and their trends. The magnetic method that was used in this study gave results that can be explained by saying that the northern and southern parts have a greater influence compared to the west, and this is due to the influence of the north of the study area in Marada trough and the south due to the influence of Beda platform ,The zaggut oil field requires the use of other techniques to verify the results obtained by the magnetic method And obtain other magnetic data to continue studying the region on a larger scale.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
دور المراجعة الداخلية في تفعيل حكومة المصارف دراسة تطبيقية عن بعض مصارف الجمهورية الجبل الغربي
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان دور المراجعة الداخلية في تفعيل حوكمة المصارف، من خلال دراسة تطبيقية على بعض مصارف الجمهورية في منطقة الجبل الغربي. وتنبع أهمية الدراسة من الدور الحيوي الذي تؤديه المراجعة الداخلية في تعزيز مبادئ الحوكمة المصرفية، بما يسهم في تحسين جودة الأداء، والحد من المخاطر، وتعزيز الشفافية والمساءلة. اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة رئيسية لجمع البيانات، حيث تم توزيع (36) استبانة على عينة من المراجعين الداخليين، واستُرد منها (32) استبانة صالحة للتحليل بنسبة استجابة بلغت (88%). أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود علاقة قوية بين استقلالية المراجعة الداخلية وتفعيل مبادئ حوكمة المصارف، كما بينت أن اعتماد المصارف على مراجعين مؤهلين علميًا، ومنحهم الحرية والاستقلالية في أداء مهامهم، يسهم بشكل مباشر في تعزيز تطبيق الحوكمة. في المقابل، كشفت النتائج عن وجود قصور في برامج التدريب والتطوير المهني للمراجعين الداخليين، إضافة إلى ضعف مشاركتهم في رسم السياسات والاستراتيجيات المصرفية. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة تطوير معايير المراجعة الداخلية، وزيادة الاهتمام بتأهيل وتدريب المراجعين الداخليين، ونشر ثقافة الحوكمة المصرفية بين العاملين، لما لذلك من أثر إيجابي في تحسين الأداء المصرفي وتعزيز الثقة لدى أصحاب المصالح
مدى فاعلية الأمن السيبراني في تعزيز كفاءة النظم المحاسبية الحديثة (دراسة ميدانية على المصارف التجارية بمنطقة الجبل الغربي)
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cybersecurity in enhancing the efficiency of modern accounting systems in commercial banks in the western region of Libya. To achieve the study's objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was adopted. A validated questionnaire was designed as the primary tool for collecting primary data and was distributed to a sample of employees in commercial banks in the western region of Libya. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a high level of awareness and understanding among employees regarding cybersecurity. Furthermore, the weaker the digital infrastructure, the greater the likelihood of security breaches affecting the modern accounting information system. Based on the study's findings, the study recommended the necessity of holding training programs and courses for employees in the banking sector sample on cybersecurity to enhance the effectiveness of modern accounting systems.
Cybersecurity, Modern Accounting Systems
المصارف التجارية في ليبيا والخصوصية التشريعية لها بين التنظيم والرقابة
In view of the important and influential role of commercial banks, and their specialization in monetary, credit, and financing activities, as well as their contribution to supporting the national economy and participating in its development, a number of questions arise regarding commercial banks in Libya. Do they have special rules enacted by the Libyan legislator that define their legal form and regulate the exercise of their banking activity? Accordingly, this research derives its importance from clarifying the main legislation and the distinctive provisions governing commercial banks under Libyan law. The study addresses, in its first section, the definition of commercial banks, their legal form, the stages of their emergence and development, and the provisions regulating the exercise of their banking activity. The second section answers the questions related to the nature of these provisions: are they merely a repetition of the general rules applicable to joint-stock companies, or do they differ by constituting special rules and legislation with a particular character for regulating commercial banks in Libya? This section is therefore divided into two parts: the first examines provisions of relative specificity, which regulate the powers and competencies of the administrative bodies overseeing these banks or those related to capital; the second examines provisions of absolute specificity concerning authorization to operate and supervision, with the aim of protecting banks from risks and ensuring their independence. The study concludes, overall, with a set of findings that answer the main research question. It shows that the special provisions governing Libyan joint-stock companies engaged in banking activity are not merely a repetition of the general rules applicable to joint-stock companies. Although they intersect with them in some relatively common provisions, they are absolutely distinguished by provisions that have no basis in the general rules and are characterized by greater strictness and restriction. This reflects the Libyan legislator’s concern for protecting depositors’ rights and supporting commercial banks.
تطوير أداء المراجعة الداخلية كأداة للرقابة وتحسين الكفاءة التشغيلية: دراسة ميدانية على المؤسسات العامة الليبية
This study aims to analyze and enhance the performance of internal auditing as a pivotal tool for control and operational efficiency in Libyan public institutions. The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach supported by a field study that included a questionnaire distributed to a representative sample of internal auditors and department managers across 15 public institutions in Tripoli and Benghazi. The study examines key dimensions including organizational independence of internal audit units, adequacy of resources and qualified staff, effectiveness of audit procedures, and mechanisms for follow-up and implementation of audit recommendations. Findings indicate a statistically significant positive impact of internal audit performance on operational efficiency. However, several barriers impede optimal performance, notably weak independence, insufficient technical qualifications of staff, and lack of institutional support to implement recommendations. Recommendations include strengthening internal audit independence by reporting directly to the audit committee of the board, developing specialized training programs, adopting a risk-based audit approach, and establishing clear mechanisms to monitor and measure the implementation and impact of audit recommendations. The study builds on the IIA standards and governance models and contributes practical solutions applicable to the Libyan public sector.
المراجعة الداخلية، الاستقلالية، الكفاءة التشغيلية، المؤسسات العامة، ليبيا.
العلامة التجارية واكتساب الحق فيها وحمايته قانونياً
Based on the importance of trademarks, their close connection with commercial activity, and their role in protecting human life from the risks posed by counterfeit and forged goods and products—and the resulting repercussions on the national economy—there arises a need for a special legal framework to regulate trademarks, establish rights for their owners, and prevent various forms of infringement. Accordingly, this research paper addresses the subject through two sections. The first section answers questions related to the validity of signs to qualify as trademarks and the legal criteria for the validity of such marks. This section is divided into parts dealing with the concept and definition of trademarks, the conditions for their legal validity, their types, their legal nature, and their importance, which is reflected in a set of functions identifying the signs that may constitute a trademark under the law. The second section answers questions concerning the procedures for registering trademarks under Libyan law and how this law addresses the requirements for trademark protection. This section begins with the procedures for trademark registration and the legal consequences thereof, including the acquisition of rights, ownership of the trademark, the disposition of such rights, and the legal protection arising from them. This protection is justified by the importance of trademarks and their vital role in strengthening commercial identity and safeguarding the rights of their owners. The study concludes, in general, with a number of findings, the most important of which is that Libya has a specific legal framework regulating trademarks. However, it also reveals that some of its provisions suffer from ambiguity, slowness, and procedural complexities in litigation. This necessitates recommendations to amend certain legislative provisions in order to keep pace with modern and rapidly evolving systems and international developments, thereby ensuring comprehensive legal protection for trademarks in Libya.
Analytical Study of the Libyan Health System and Strategic Recommendations for Achieving Universal Health Coverage
This study aims to analyze the current situation of the health system in Libya by reviewing national and international documents and reports, and identifying the main challenges hindering the achievement of universal health coverage. The study relied on the multi-tool analytical approach. The results revealed that reforming the health system requires a comprehensive approach that includes strengthening governance, ensuring sustainable financing, and activating primary healthcare, in conjunction with the development of human resources and modern digital technology. These elements are essential for achieving universal health coverage. The study proposed a comprehensive roadmap that includes legislative and institutional reforms, infrastructure development, enhancement of information systems, and activation of the role of primary healthcare, with a focus on effective partnership with the private sector. The study concluded that political will, Intersectoral coordination, and leveraging international expertise are necessary to build a sustainable and equitable health system.
Universal Health coverage, Governance, Quality, Sustainable Financing, Health information system, Digital Health.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
المسؤولية الدولية ودورها في حماية البيئة
أصبح تحمل المسؤولية والتعويض عن الأضرار البيئية هو شق لا يمكن إغفاله وذلك بعد فشل الإجراءات الاحتياطية والوقائية في معالجة أضرر التلوث البيئي ، خاصة وأن نظام المسؤولية يحقق بالإضافة للدور العلاجي دوراً أخر وقائي؛ إذ سيحد من يمارس نشاطاً مضراً بالبيئة ا نفسه مضطراً إلى الإقلال لأقصى حد من خطورة أنشطته تجنبا لإلزامه بالتعويضات. من هذا المنطلق بدأ دور المسؤولية الدولية في توفير الحماية للبيئة من خلال إصلاح الضرر الناجم عن التلوث. أفضى البحث إلى نتائج أهمها: في مجال المسؤولية الدولية عن التلوث البيئي يتم الاعتماد على الأسس القانونية والتي من بينها نظرية الفعل الدولي غير المشروع، وكذلك نظرية المخاطر مع استبعاد نظرية الخطأ لقصورها في هذا المجال.
الحماية البيئية، المسؤولية الدولية، الأضرار البيئة ، التعويض.
Technology and Cybersecurity in Libya: A Case Study on Libya Telecom and Technology (LTT)
This research paper explores the relationship between modern technology and cybersecurity within the Libyan context, focusing specifically on Libya Telecom and Technology (LTT). As the nation's primary telecommunications provider, LTT plays a critical role in ensuring secure digital infrastructure. The study examines current cybersecurity threats, the technological measures deployed by LTT, and the challenges faced in securing data and communication systems. Using a combination of analytical tools, the research evaluates LTT’s strategies and proposes recommendations to enhance cybersecurity practices in Libyan telecom operations. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the cybersecurity landscape in Libya and provide a model for other developing nations with similar challenges.
Cybersecurity, Information Security, Telecommunications, Digital Infrastructure, Cyber Threats, Data Protection, Risk Management
An Intelligent System for Detecting Duplicates and Anomalies in Small Business Databases
This paper introduces an AI-based system tailored for improving the quality of small business databases through automatic detection and correction of duplicate and anomalous records. The system employs fuzzy string matching and machine learning algorithms (such as Isolation Forest and DBSCAN) to identify inconsistencies with high accuracy and efficiency. Applied to a real-world dataset of over 50,000 entries, the system achieved 92% precision in duplicate detection and successfully isolated over 500 anomalous transactions. These results demonstrate the system’s practical value in enhancing decision-making and operational reliability for small enterprises.
Duplicate detection, anomaly detection, data cleaning, small business data quality, AI system .
Penetration Testing and Vulnerability Assessment to Improve the Web Application's Security
the rapid advancement of machinery, whether mobile or computer systems, has resulted in more advanced and efficient Windows, Web, and mobile applications, but it has also increased system complexity. The number of individuals who use web applications and the quantity of web applications on the market have both increased dramatically in recent years. Complex cyber-attacks can compromise the majority of web applications Web application testing has grown more important to defend web applications from cyber assaults and online hazards. In online application development, vulnerability assessment and penetration testing are critical security tasks. The practice of finding security flaws in online applications is known as vulnerability assessment [3]. Penetrationtesting is a method of determining if an application is secure by exploiting its weaknesses. It's possible to gain unauthorized access or engage in other hostile behavior. Therefore figuring out which flow is the most dangerous application is very important. It aids in the safeguarding of systems and data against illegal access and breaches. This paper reviews different vulnerability assessments and Penetration testing are [4].
Cyber attacks, web application vulnerabilities, vulnerability assessment, penetration testing, VAPT type
Design and Simulation of IPv6-Based VLAN Networks with Switch virtual interface and EIGRPv6 Routing Protocol
In contemporary network infrastructure, logical segmentation and efficient routing are crucial for optimizing performance, security, and scalability. This paper presents the design and implementation of VLAN segmentation using Switched Virtual Interfaces (SVIs) in conjunction with EIGRP for IPv6 (EIGRPv6) within a simulated environment using GNS3. VLANs are configured to separate network traffic based on departmental or functional requirements, thereby reducing broadcast traffic and enhancing network organization. SVIs enable inter-VLAN communication by providing Layer 3 interfaces for each VLAN on multilayer switches. EIGRPv6 is implemented as the dynamic routing protocol to ensure efficient routing of IPv6 traffic between VLANs across different network segments. The simulation is carried out using GNS3, evaluating key performance parameters such as convergence time, scalability, and fault tolerance. The results validate the effectiveness of combining IPv6, SVIs, and EIGRPv6 in creating a robust and future-ready network infrastructure.
IPV6, IPV4, SVI, EIGRPv6, VLAN, GNS3 , Wireshark.
MANAGING MERCURY IN LIBYAN OIL AND GAS FIELDS: CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND RECOVERY OPPORTUNITIES
Mercury pollution from produced water from three main oilfields in Libya's Sirte Basin Zaltan, Al-Lahib, and Al-Jabal is estimated to be 194.5 tons per year. With a predicted 3% annual rise in generated water volumes, mercury discharge might reach 254 tons by 2034, highlighting the critical need for proactive field-level actions. Libya can extract and recover mercury from hydrocarbon streams by using modular mercury removal devices and modern treatment technology. Using new transmutation techniques, this mercury may be transformed into gold, changing a dangerous byproduct into a very valuable commodity. This strategy not only promotes environmental compliance and lowers operating liabilities, but it also creates a new revenue stream through the sale of converted gold. Libya might reinvent itself as a regulated producer and exporter of mercury and gold generated from recovered mercury by adopting this invention and taking use of its advantageous location near European and Mediterranean markets. This change has the potential to transform an environmental issue into a strategic industrial opportunity by promoting economic diversification, drawing in foreign investment, and enhancing the nation's position in the world commodities market
This study investigates the efficiency of Grover’s algorithm in identifying a specific element within a given search space. The experiment compares the performance of classical search versus quantum search using Grover’s algorithm, focusing on the time required to locate the target element in an unsorted database of 100,000 entries. The results demonstrate that the quantum search exhibits a significantly slower rise in computational time compared to classical search, highlighting its superior efficiency in processing large-scale datasets. This performance disparity arises because classical search algorithms operate by sequentially checking each element until the target is found, resulting in a linear increase in the number of operations as the dataset grows. In contrast, Grover’s quantum search algorithm achieves a quadratic speedup (O(N) over classical approaches (O(N), making it particularly advantageous for large, unstructured databases
دور التشريعات الوطنية والعربية والاتفاقيات الدولية في حماية الملكية الفكرية
In the current time, intellectual property is the main driver of economic development at all levels, as it has become controlling the economic development process. As intellectual property constitutes a legal framework aimed at protecting innovations, literature, brands, designs, and all the creative works produced by the human mind. Protection systems include national laws and international agreements such as the Bern Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, the Paris Agreement for the Protection of Industrial Property, and the Trippus Agreement. The importance of this protection lies in promoting creativity and encouraging investment in research and development, while balancing the rights of creators and the interest of society in reaching knowledge. However, protection faces challenges such as piracy, tradition, and social awareness of intellectual property rights.
Prof. Muhammad Abdullah Abdul Hafeed Salem
العوامل المؤثرة على الرغبة في التوجه نحو ريادة الأعمال من وجهة نظر طلاب المراحل الجامعية
The study aimed to identify the factors influencing university students' inclination toward entrepreneurship in the city of Tripoli, with a focus on personal, social, educational, and economic aspects. It adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and employed a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. The instrument was administered to a simple random sample of 100 university students. The study yielded several key findings, most notably that all examined factors had a statistically significant positive impact on entrepreneurial orientation. Personal factors emerged as the most influential, followed by educational, economic, and finally social factors. The study recommended enhancing students' entrepreneurial capabilities through targeted curricula and training programs. Additionally, it emphasized the need to foster an enabling economic and social environment that supports entrepreneurial initiatives and mitigates the challenges faced by aspiring young entrepreneurs in this field.
Entrepreneurship, Personal Factors, Educational Factors, Economic Factors, Social Factors.
دور المعايير الدولية للتعليم المحاسبي IAES في تحسين جودة المحاسبة كمهنة (دراسة ميدانية في البيئة الليبية)
This study examines the extent to which accounting education programs in Libyan higher education institutions comply with the International Accounting Education Standards (IAES) and their role in improving the quality of the profession. Using a questionnaire distributed to university faculty members and external auditors, the findings indicate a consensus on the low academic and professional qualifications of practitioners in Libya. The results also show that IAES enhance the profession by emphasizing professional skills and continuing professional development (CPD). The study recommends stricter admission criteria, curriculum reform aligned with workplace needs, integration of practical training, reinforcement of ethics, and clear competency standards for auditors (IES 8). It further suggests establishing a national committee to update curricula, fostering collaboration between universities and professional bodies, and adopting international accreditation standards to ensure quality and sustainability in the accounting profession.
Accounting Education Standards, Professional Competence, Practical Training, CPD, Auditing Quality.
The Green Economy and its Role in Achieving Sustainable Development
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the transition to a green economy and the achievement of sustainable development. The green transition has had a positive impact on the progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in countries that have adopted a green economy, which are mostly developed nations. These countries have also managed to achieve high rates of economic growth and other positive economic indicators. This means that the green economy is not only linked to the environment and sustainable development but also to economic development. It represents a genuine opportunity for countries to achieve numerous economic benefits, especially in light of the European Union's increasing issuance of environmental laws and mechanisms. These include the implementation of carbon taxes, corporate sustainability due diligence laws, and other international standards that will compel countries to transition toward a green, low-carbon economy to remain competitive and access European markets. The research concluded that there is a positive effect of transitioning to a green economy on achieving sustainable development. Therefore, the study recommended an urgent start to long- term strategic planning for this transition. It also emphasized the importance of developing countries forming international partnerships with financing institutions to secure the necessary funding for green investments and projects, encouraging green research, development, and innovation, and offering tax and non-tax incentives for these investments.
The Role of the Private Sector in Economic Development: An Applied Study of Al-Naseem Food Industries Company, Misurata
The study aimed to show the impact of (Al-Naseem Company for Food Industries sector) filled with independent variables for the number of employees in the company and the quantities of production produced by the company on economic development, filled with GDP as a dependent variable. The study relied on production data for the period from 2013 -2020 AD and multiple regression was used The study concluded that there is a reciprocal relationship between The independent and dependent variables of the study, and that the variable number of workers contributes to explaining and clarifying its impact on the GDP by 4.2%, and the regression is significant, which reflects positively on economic development. As for the variable of the company’s production, it contributed and explained its impact on the GDP growth rate of 2.3%, and that the regression is significant, which leads to positive Economic development and despite the weak relationship, the study recommends developing strategies and increasing the granting of rewards to the company to raise the productivity of workers, which in turn will raise the company’s production
التنمية الاقتصادية – الصناعات الغذائية –شركة النسيم
Diagnosing the opportunities and challenges associated with Libya's transition strategies towards a green hydrogen economy
This research paper addresses the concept of the hydrogen economy, exploring its potential for developing the Libyan economy in line with sustainability goals. The SWOT matrix framework was applied to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and the TOWS analysis matrix was applied to identify strategies related to Libya's transition towards a green hydrogen economy. This analysis highlights Libya's hydrogen production resources and existing energy infrastructure as strengths and opportunities, along with regulatory gaps and challenges as potential weaknesses and threats. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for stakeholders to develop strengths and opportunities and mitigate weaknesses and threats. It emphasizes the need for in-depth scientific discussion of the hydrogen economy and proposes future scenarios tailored to the Libyan context.
: Green hydrogen economy, hydrogen resources in Libya, TOWS comparison matrix.
الهياكل التنظيمية الحديثة ومدى تأثيرها على الاداء في المؤسسات العامة
من خلال هذه الدراسة نسعى إلي معرفة مدى تأثير الهياكل التنظيمية التقليدية على مستوى اداء المؤسسات العامة ودور الهياكل التنظيمية الحديثة في الرفع من مستوى هذا الاداء ، الذي بدوره يعتبر عنصراً اساسياً في انجاح العملية الادارية . لقد اجريت هذه الدراسة على كل من المعهد العالي للعلوم والتقنية بيفرن وكلية التقنيات الطبية بيفرن خلال العام الجاري 2024 م ، ان أهمية دراسة موضوع الهياكل التنظيمية ومالها من مدلولات اقتصادية ونفسية واجتماعية على مختلف المؤسسات. واعتبرنا الهياكل التنظيمية في هذه الدراسة كمتغير مستقل ودرسنا مدى تأثيره على مستوى اداء المؤسسات العامة الذي يعتبر في هذه الدراسة متغيراً تابع . إن مشكلة الدراسة تتمثل في معرفة أسباب التذبذب في مستويات اداء المؤسسات العامة وهل للهياكل التنظيمية دور أساسي مؤثر على اداء هذه المؤسسات . وبالتالي فإن هذه الدراسة تهدف إلى التعرف على طبيعة أنظمة الهياكل التنظيمية في المؤسسات محل .
نحوإطار ذكي لاتخاذ القرار في إدارة المشاريع الهندسية باستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي
تواجه المشاريع الهندسية تحديات متزايدة ناجمة عن بيئات العمل المعقدة وتسارع وتيرة الابتكار التكنولوجي، الأمر الذي يستلزم تبني أساليب متقدمة لاتخاذ القرار تتسم بالدقة والسرعة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تطوير إطار عمل ذكي لدعم عملية اتخاذ القرار في إدارة المشاريع الهندسية من خلال دمج تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وتحليلات البيانات ضمن بيئة مؤسسية شبه حقيقية. اعتمد البحث على منهجية وصفية تحليلية مدعومة بخبرة ميدانية، حيث تم توظيف أدوات تحليل البيانات الضخمة وتقنيات التعلم الآلي ضمن بيئة Orange Data Mining لبناء نماذج تنبؤية شملت الانحدار اللوجستي (Logistic Regression)، وآلة الدعم الناقل (SVM)، والغابة العشوائية (Random Forest)، ونايف بايز (Naïve Bayes). تم تقييم النماذج باستخدام مؤشرات أداء متعددة، وأظهرت النتائج تفوق نموذج الغابة العشوائية بدقة تجاوزت 95% وقدرة عالية على التنبؤ بالمخاطر والانحرافات المحتملة في المشاريع. تؤكد النتائج قدرة الإطار المقترح على تحسين دقة القرارات، وتقليل الانحرافات الزمنية والفنية، وتحسين الكفاءة التشغيلية، وتمكين الكشف المبكر عن المشكلات. وتوصي الدراسة باعتماد نموذج الغابة العشوائية كمرجعية أساسية للتنبؤ بمخرجات المشاريع، والاستثمار في إنشاء مستودعات بيانات مؤسسية، وتدريب الكوادر على أدوات الذكاء الاصطناعي لضمان دعم اتخاذ القرار في الزمن الفعلي وتحقيق أداء مستدام للمشاريع.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM, JOB SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY IN LIBYAN COMPANIES. HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AS MEDIATED
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM, JOB SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY IN LIBYAN COMPANIES. HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AS MEDIATED The use management information system has changed the world of business in service companies and has developed their functions significantly. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of management information system, Human Resources Management, and job satisfaction on service quality of the Libyan Telecommunication Company and Oil Company of Libya. In addition, investigating the mediating effect of human resources management between management information system and service quality. The problem statement of this research is that service companies in Libya are not serving customers with high quality. The study used quantitative methodology, where data colleced from repondents in the above two companies. The data instrument is questionnaire which is used to test the hypothesis of the study. A total number of 61 completed questionnaires are collected and analyzed using SPSS software. The result of the study shows that management information system, human resources management, job satisfaction are significantly affecting the service quality in the two companies. Moreover, the results shows that human resources management has a mediating effect on the relationship between management information system and service quality. The study recommended to implement updated management information system and develop the function of human resources management without neglecting the satisfaction of employees. However, it is important to pay more attention to these variables to add competitve advantage to the compny which impact on the quality of service.
management information system (MIS), Human Resources Management (HRM), Job Satisfaction, Service Quality
Towards Effective Deployment of SaaS Applications in Banks: Current Challenges and Mitigation Strategies
Banking and financial institutions that rely on cloud infrastructure are constantly updating their applications and cloud computing technologies to meet evolving business requirements and integrate new features. While SaaS and PaaS platforms are developed and maintained by cloud service providers, the SaaS platform is operated, monitored, and managed internally by the bank’s technology department. SaaS remains a dynamic platform that evolves in response to business needs and changing scenarios. In addition, SaaS serves as a channel to support banking operations using innovative tools and technologies while maintaining existing infrastructure capabilities, scalability, and regulatory compliance. The platform hosts critical applications essential to the bank’s daily operations, including core banking systems, online banking platforms, card processing applications, ATM and EFTPOS networks, and security monitoring tools. Given the importance of these applications, SaaS platforms are designed to minimize business disruptions. This study discusses the challenges associated with deploying changes on SaaS platforms and reviews strategies to mitigate these challenges while ensuring minimal or no impact on the cloud computing architecture.
Cloud Computing, Software as a Service (SaaS), Cloud Architecture, Banking, Outsourcing
دور القانون الدولي والمنظمات الدولية في دعم التنمية المستدامة والمشاريع الريادية
يتناول هذا البحث دراسة دور القانون الدولي والمنظمات الدولية في دعم التنمية المستدامة والمشاريع الريادية، مع تسليط الضوء على التجربة الليبية كنموذج للدول النامية التي تواجه تحديات هيكلية ومؤسسية معقدة. انطلق البحث من تحليل المفاهيم القانونية للتنمية المستدامة وريادة الأعمال، ثم استعرض مساهمة القانون الدولي والجهات الفاعلة الدولية، مثل الأمم المتحدة والبنك الدولي، في بلورة أطر داعمة للتنمية والابتكار. وخلص البحث إلى أن القانون الدولي يوفر أرضية معيارية مهمة، لكن فعالية الدعم الدولي تبقى محدودة في ظل غياب بيئات قانونية وطنية مستقرة وقادرة على استيعاب هذا الدعم. كما أظهرت التجربة الليبية ضعفًا في التشريعات، وتشتتًا مؤسسيًا، رغم وجود برامج شراكة دولية نشطة. وانتهى البحث بتوصيات تتعلق بتطوير الإطار القانوني الوطني، وتعزيز الشراكة مع المنظمات الدولية وفقًا لأولويات تنموية محلية مستندة إلى معايير الشفافية والاستدامة.
: القانون الدولي – المنظمات الدولية – التنمية المستدامة – ريادة الأعمال – التجربة الليبية
جهود الأمم المتحدة في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة
Sustainable development is a matter of great interest to members of the international community, particularly the United Nations and its role in establishing the parameters of the concept of sustainable development. The United Nations is one of the most prominent international organizations responsible for promoting peace and development worldwide. Among its primary objectives is achieving sustainable development. The United Nations has made significant efforts to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which includes 17 key goals: eradicating poverty and hunger, protecting the environment, achieving justice and equality, improving the quality of education and health care, and promoting climate action. The United Nations works through its agencies and bodies, such as the United Nations Development Program, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the General Assembly, and the Security Council, as mechanisms aimed at implementing the Sustainable Development Plan. Despite the efforts made by the United Nations, it faces several major challenges, especially in light of global crises. The United Nations continues to push the world towards a more sustainable and just future.
United Nations, Sustainable Development, Climate Change, International Conferences, Environmental Challenges
Geographical analysis of the establishment of a solar energy project in Benghazi
The growing interest in environmental and sustainable development issues globally places renewable energy at the heart of efforts to build a more sustainable future. The world is witnessing an accelerating shift towards adopting renewable energy sources, to mitigate the impact of climate change and fossil fuel depletion. From this standpoint, the importance of solar energy as a promising and clean source of energy emerges, especially in areas with high solar radiation rates. Benghazi, located in an area with an arid and semi-arid climate, is an example of the areas that God has blessed abundantly with this renewable natural resource. This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis and proposal for planning a project to establish a sustainable solar energy grid in the south of Benghazi, in light of the challenges facing the traditional energy sector and the growing need for clean energy sources, by studying the average solar radiation and the number of hours of sunshine throughout the year. To provide a comprehensive analysis of the city's current electricity grid infrastructure and identify points where the proposed solar grid can be efficiently integrated. The research also reviews the economic and social dimensions of establishing the project. By adopting an integrated solar energy grid, it represents a strategic opportunity to achieve energy security, promote sustainable development, and improve the quality of life of the population in Benghazi.
sustainable development - solar energy - project planning.
The Impact of Environmental and Natural Phenomena on Entrepreneurial Projects: A Case Study of Benghazi
Abstract Benghazi faces multiple environmental and natural challenges that directly affect the business environment, particularly entrepreneurial projects which require a stable and secure setting for growth and expansion. This study aims to analyze the impact of environmental and natural phenomena on entrepreneurial projects in the city by combining theoretical analysis with a field study of a sample of local entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that environmental factors—especially rising temperatures, drought, and flooding—significantly affect the continuity and efficiency of these projects. It was also found that there is variation in environmental awareness and preparedness for disasters among project owners. The study concludes with several recommendations, most notably the need to enhance environmental awareness and training programs, and to provide governmental and community support for environmentally oriented projects
Smart agriculture is a strategic option for achieving sustainable development in Libya.
With the increasing severity of the food crisis in the world in 2008 and the increasing demand for food, agricultural products and crops, especially strategic crops, developing countries have moved towards adopting agricultural development policies and strategies based on smart agriculture in order to ensure the expansion of agricultural investments and thus achieve sustainability in food security. The current study aims to highlight the role and importance of smart agriculture in achieving sustainable agricultural development in Libya. The study addressed three main axes, the first of which is the axis of concepts and terms related to smart agriculture and agricultural development. The second axis deals with the determinants and components of agricultural activity in Libya, while the third axis adopts investment methods in smart agriculture to achieve the requirements of food security and agricultural development in the country. The study concluded that the optimal solution to achieve sustainable agricultural development and solve the problem of food security in Libya is to move towards smart agriculture based on modern technologies supported by artificial intelligence systems that would increase and improve the productive efficiency of crops. There is also a need to benefit from international experiences and establish regional partnerships in the field of agriculture and create communication channels to develop agricultural investment in the field of smart agriculture and localize related technology
Copyright (c) 2025 almarifa journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0